Daftar Penyakit Jeruk
Penyakit Disebabkan Bakteria
Bacterial spot: Xanthomonas campestris pv. citrumelo
Black pit (fruit): Pseudomonas syringae Blast: Pseudomonas syringae Citrus canker: Xanthomonas axonopodis =Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri. Citrus variegated chlorosis: Xylella fastidiosa Huanglongbing=citrus greening: Ca. Liberibacter asiaticus, Ca. Liberibacter africanus, Ca. Liberibacter americanus Penyakit Disebabkan Jamur
Albinism: Alternaria alternata=Alternaria tenuis, Aspergillus flavus
Alternaria brown spot: Alternaria alternata Alternaria leaf spot of rough lemon: Alternaria citri Alternaria stem-end rot: Alternaria citri Anthracnose=wither-tip: Glomerella cingulata (anamorph: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) Areolate leaf spot: Thanatephorus cucumeris=Pellicularia filamentosa, (anamorph: Rhizoctonia solani) Black mold rot: Aspergillus niger Black root rot Thielaviopsis basicola, (synanamorph: Chalara elegans) Black rot: Alternaria citri Black spot: Guignardia citricarpa, (synanamorph: Phyllosticta citricarpa) Blue mold: Penicillium italicum Botrytis blossom and twig blight, gummosis: Botrytis cinerea, (teleomorph: Botryotinia fuckeliana) Branch knot: Sphaeropsis tumefaciens Brown rot (fruit): Phytophthora citricola, Phytophthora citrophthora, Phytophthora hibernalis, Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica= Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora syringae Charcoal root rot: Macrophomina phaseolina Damping-off: Pythium sp., Pythium aphanidermatum, Pythium debaryanum, Pythium rostratum, Pythium ultimum, Pythium vexans, Rhizoctonia solani Diplodia gummosis and stem-end rot: Lasiodiplodia theobromae=Botryodiplodia theobromae=Diplodia natalensis (teleomorph: Botryosphaeria rhodina) Dothiorella gummosis and rot: Botryosphaeria ribis, (anamorph: Dothiorella gregaria) Dry root rot complex: Nectria haematococca, (anamorph: Fusarium solani), together with other wound-invading agents Dry rot (fruit): Ashbya gossypii, Nematospora coryli Fly speck: Schizothyrium pomi, (anamorph: Zygophiala jamaicensis) Fusarium rot (fruit): Fusarium spp. Fusarium wilt: Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. citri Gray mold (fruit): Botrytis cinerea Greasy spot and greasy spot rind blotch: Mycosphaerella citri, (anamorph: Stenella citri-grisea ) Green mold: Penicillium digitatum Heart rot: Ganoderma applanatum, Ganoderma brownii, Ganoderma lucidum, and other basidiomycetes Hendersonula branch wilt: Hendersonula toruloidea Leaf spot: Mycosphaerella horii, Mycosphaerella lageniformis Mal secco: Phoma tracheiphila= Deuterophoma tracheiphila Mancha foliar de los citricos: Alternaria limicola Melanose Diaporthe citri, Phomopsis citri [anamorph] Mucor fruit rot: Mucor paronychia, Mucor racemosus Mushroom root rot = shoestring root rot or oak root fungus: Armillaria mellea= Clitocybe tabescens, (anamorph: Rhizomorpha subcorticalis ) Phaeoramularia leaf and fruit spot: Phaeoramularia angolensis Phymatotrichum root rot: Phymatotrichopsis omnivora Phomopsis stem-end rot: Phomopsis citri, (teleomorph: Diaporthe citri) Phytophthora foot rot, gummosis and root rot: Phytophthora citrophthora, Phytophthora hibernalis, Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica=Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora palmivora, Phytophthora syringae Pink disease: Erythricium salmonicolor= Corticium salmonicolor, (anamorph: Necator decretus) Pink mold: Gliocladium roseum Pleospora rot: Pleospora herbarum, (anamorph: Stemphylium herbarum) Poria root rot: Oxyporus latemarginatus = Poria latemarginata Post bloom fruit drop: Colletotrichum acutatum Powdery mildew: Oidium tingitaninum=Acrosporium tingitaninum Rhizopus rot: Rhizopus stolonifer Rio Grande gummosis: possibly Lasiodiplodia theobromae, Hendersonula toruloidea and other unknown agents Rootlet rot: Pythium rostratum, Pythium ultimum Rosellinia root rot: Rosellinia sp. Scab: Elsinoë fawcettii, (anamorph: Sphaceloma fawcettii) Sclerotinia twig blight, fruit rot and root rot: Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Septoria spot: Septoria citri Sooty blotch: Gloeodes pomigena Sour rot: Geotrichum citri-aurantii, (teleomorph: Galactomyces citri-aurantii), Galactomyces candidum, (teleomorph: Galactomyces geotrichum) Sweet orange scab: Elsinoë australis Thread blight: Corticium stevensii, Pellicularia koleroga Trichoderma rot: Trichoderma viride, (teleomorph: Hypocrea sp.) Twig blight: Rhytidhysteron rufulum Ustulina root rot: Ustulina deusta, (anamorph: Nodulisporium sp.) Whisker mold: Penicillium ulaiense White root rot: Rosellinia sp., Rosellinia necatrix, Dematophora necatrix [anamorph], Rosellinia subiculata Penyakit Disebabkan Virus
Citrus mosaic: Satsuma dwarf-related virus
Bud union crease: Virus for some combinations, otherwise genetic or unknown Citrus leaf rugose genus: Ilarvirus, Citrus leaf rugose virus (CLRV) Citrus yellow mosaic: genus Badnavirus Crinkly leaf: Crinkly leaf virus (strain of Citrus variegation virus) Infectious variegation: genus Ilarvirus, Citrus variegation virus (CVV) Navel infectious mottling: Satsuma dwarf-related virus Psorosis: Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV) Satsuma dwarf: Satsuma dwarf virus (SDV) Tatter leaf = citrange stunt genus Capillovirus, Citrus tatter leaf virus (probably a closely related strain of Apple stem grooving virus rather than a distinct virus Tristeza = decline and stem pitting, seedling yellows genus Closterovirus, Citrus tristeza virus (CTV) Penyakit Disebabkan Spiroplasma dan Fitoplasma
Australian citrus dieback: Unknown procaryote?
Stubborn: Spiroplasma citri (spread by leafhoppers) Witches’ broom of lime: Phytoplasma Penyakit Disebabkan Viroid dan Graft Transmissible Pathogens (GTP) Algerian navel orange virus: GTP
light = young tree decline, rough lemon decline: GTP Blind pocket: GTP Cachexia: Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) Chlorotic dwarf: White-fly transmitted GTP Citrus dwarfing: Various viroids Citrus yellow mottle: GTP Citrus yellow ringspot: GTP Concave gum: GTP Cristacortis: GTP Exocortis: Citrus exocortis viroid (CEVd) Pospiviroidae Fatal yellows: GTP Gummy bark: GTP, possible viroid Gum pocket and gummy pittings: GTP, possible viroid Impietratura: GTP Indian citrus ringspot: GTP Leaf curl: GTP Leathery leaf: GTP Leprosis: GTP associated with Brevipalpus spp. mites Measles: GTP Milam stem-pitting: GTP Multiple sprouting disease: GTP Nagami kumquat disease: GTP Ringspot diseases: Various GTPs Vein enation = woody gall: GTP (possible luteovirus) Xyloporosis = cachexia: Citrus cachexia viroid (Hostuviroid) Yellow vein: GTP Yellow vein clearing of lemon: GTP Gangguan oleh Nematoda
Citrus slump nematode: Pratylenchus coffeae
Dagger nematode: Xiphinema spp. Lesion nematode: Pratylenchus spp., Pratylenchus brachyurus, Pratylenchus coffeae, Pratylenchus vulnus Needle nematode: Longidorus spp. Root-knot nematode: Meloidogyne spp. Sheath nematode: Hemicycliophora spp., Hemicycliophora arenaria Slow decline (citrus nematode): Tylenchulus semipenetrans Spreading decline (burrowing nematode): Radopholus similis Sting nematode: Belonolaimus longicaudatus Stubby-root nematode: Paratrichodorus spp. Stunt nematode: Tylenchorhynchus spp. Penyakit dan Gangguan Lain
Algal disease (algal spot): Cephaleuros virescens
Amachamiento: Unknown Blossom-end clearing: Physiological Chilling injury: Cold temperatures Creasing: Nutritional (?) Crinkle scurf: Genetic Granulation: Physiological Lemon sieve-tube necrosis: Unknown, but hereditary Lime blotch =wood pocket: Inherited chimeral agent Membranous stain: Cold temperatures Mesophyll collapse: Unknown Oleocellosis: Physiological Postharvest pitting: Physiological Puffing: Physiological Rind breakdown: Physiological Rind staining: Physiological Rind stipple of grapefruit: Environmental Rumple of lemon fruit: Unknown Shell bark complex: Unknown - (viroid?) Sooty mold (superficial, not pathogenic): Capnodium citricola, Capnodium sp. Stem-end rind breakdown: Physiological Stylar-end breakdown of Tahiti lime: Physiological Stylar-end rind breakdown: Physiological Stylar-end rot: Physiological Sunburn: Excessive heat and light Tangerine dieback: Unknown Water spot: Physiological Zebra skin: Physiological |